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Type
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Soma Hymns in the Rigveda
RV 8.48 and 9.113 on soma, immortality, and light
c. 1500-1000 BCE; translation 1897
Source
Ralph T. H. Griffith
Religion, Psychoactive Plants

Hymn to Demeter
c. 650–550 BCE (this translation published 1914)
Ancient Text
Homer

Exhortation to the Greeks, ch. II
c. 195 CE (this translation 1867/1885)
Ancient Text
Clement of Alexandria

Teonanácatl, "carne de Dios"
c. 1541 (published 1858/1914)
Manuscript
Toribio de Benavente
Psilocybin

Eighth Colloquy: Bangue
1563; Portuguese edition 1891
Source
Garcia de Orta
Medicine, Cannabis
Ololiuhqui, Peyotl, and Teonanácatl in the Florentine Codex
Sahagún’s Book 11 on herbs that intoxicate
c. 1577
Source
Bernardino de Sahagún
Indigenous Knowledge, Ethnobotany
Hongos monteses in Durán's Historia de las Indias de Nueva España
Mushrooms, coronations, and the feast of revelations
c. 1581; published 1867
Source
José F. Ramírez
Indigenous Knowledge, Ethnobotany

On the Herb Called Ololiuhqui
1615
Book
Francisco Hernández

Inquisition Edict against Peyote
19 June 1620
Source
Irving A. Leonard
Prohibition
Ololiuhqui and Peyote in Idolatrías y supersticiones de los indios
Colonial anti-idolatry texts on divination, healing, and visionary plants
1629-1656; published 1892
Source
Pedro Ponce de León
Indigenous Knowledge, Ethnobotany

Strahlenberg on the Koryaks and Fly-Agaric
1736 (German original 1730)
Book
Philip Johan von Strahlenberg

The History of Kamtschatka
1764 (English translation; Russian original 1755)
Book
James Grieve

Franz Xaver Veigl on Ayahuasca in Maynas
c. 1768–1785 (exact date unclear)
Source
Franz Xaver Veigl
Ayahuasca
Researches, Chemical and Philosophical; Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide
1800
Source
Humphry Davy
Nitrous Oxide, Self-Experiment
Fly Agaric among the Koryaks in Langsdorff's Bemerkungen
A Kamchatka note on mushroom trade and intoxication
1812
Source
Georg Heinrich von Langsdorff
Anthropology, Psychoactive Plants
Niopo among the Otomac in Humboldt and Bonpland's Personal Narrative
Orinoco snuff, Acacia niopo, and curupa in an 1821 travel narrative
1821
Source
Helen Maria Williams
Indigenous Knowledge, Ethnobotany
Paricá among the Mura in Spix and Martius's Reise in Brasilien
A German travel account of Amazonian snuff, ceremony, and intoxication
1831
Source
Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius
Indigenous Knowledge, Ethnobotany
Hashish and Mental Alienation
Moreau de Tours on dawamesc, self-experiment, and experimental psychiatry
1845
Source
Jacques-Joseph Moreau
Psychiatry, Cannabis
Fly Agaric and Hashish in Die narkotischen Genussmittel
Ernst von Bibra's German comparative account of Amanita and Cannabis
1855
Source
Ernst von Bibra
Pharmacology, Cannabis

The Hasheesh Eater
1857
Source
Fitz Hugh Ludlow
Trip Reports, Cannabis
Ayahuasca in Villavicencio's Geografía de la República del Ecuador
An 1858 Ecuadorian account of ayahuasca visions and divination
1858
Source
Manuel Villavicencio
Indigenous Knowledge, Ethnobotany

The Seven Sisters of Sleep (Amanita chapter)
Popular History of the Seven Prevailing Narcotics of the World
1860
Book
Mordecai Cubitt Cooke

Le Gabon
1865
Source
Marie-Théophile Griffon du Bellay
Ethnobotany
Caapi and Niopo in “On Some Remarkable Narcotics of the Amazon Valley and Orinoco”
Richard Spruce on ayahuasca, yopo/paricá, and Amazonian medicine-men
c. 1870; published 1908
Source
Richard Spruce
Indigenous Knowledge, Ethnobotany

Tent Life in Siberia
1870
Book
George Kennan

The Anaesthetic Revelation and the Gist of Philosophy
1874
Source
Benjamin Paul Blood
Nitrous Oxide, Anesthesia
Review of The Anaesthetic Revelation and the Gist of Philosophy
1874
Source
William James
Nitrous Oxide, Anesthesia

Note on Nitrous Oxide, from “On Some Hegelisms”
April 1882
Academic Article
William James (1842-1910)
Trip Reports, Nitrous Oxide

On Anhalonium Lewinii
1888
Academic Article
Louis Lewin
CU
Consciousness under the Influence of Cannabis Indica
1893
Academic Article
Edward Wheeler Scripture
Trip Reports, Cannabis

Anhalonium Lewinii (Mescal Buttons)
A Study of the Drug, with Especial Reference to its Physiological Action upon Man, with Report of Experiments
September 16, 1895
Academic Article
D. W. Prentiss

The Mescal Plant and Ceremony
January 15, 1896
Academic Article
James Mooney

Effects of Anhelonium Lewinii
December 5, 1896
Academic Article
S. Weir Mitchell

On Pellote (Second Communication)
1898
Academic Article
Arthur Heffter

Physiological Action of Anhalonium Alkaloids
September 1899
Academic Article
Walter E. Dixon

Mescal: A Study of a Divine Plant
A Study of a Divine Plant
May 1902
Academic Article
Havelock Ellis

Nitrous Oxide and the Anaesthetic Revelation in The Varieties of Religious Experience
1902
Source
William James
Nitrous Oxide, Religion

The Chukchee (on fly-agaric)
Religion — Intoxicants
1907 (Religion, part 2 of The Chukchee, published 1904-1909)
Book
Waldemar Bogoras

Anaesthetics Antient and Modern
An Historical Sketch of Anaesthesia
Undated (c. 1907–1910)
Source
Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
Nitrous Oxide, Cannabis

A Pluralistic Mystic
1910
Source
William James
Nitrous Oxide, Anesthesia

Merck Patent DE 274350
Process for the Preparation of Alkyloxyaryl-, Dialkyloxyaryl- and Alkylenedioxyarylaminopropanes (Firm E. Merck, Darmstadt)
Patented from 24 December 1912; specification published 1914
Source
E. Merck

Psychic Action of Mescalin
July 1913
Academic Article
William J. M. A. Maloney
Psychiatry

An Aztec Narcotic
July 1915
Academic Article
William E. Safford

Koryak Texts (Introduction and fly-agaric song)
1917
Book
Waldemar Bogoras

Zitkála-Šá Peyote Testimony (1918)
February 22, 1918
Testimony
Gertrude Simmons Bonnin (Zitkála-Šá)
Prohibition

Native American Church Articles of Incorporation (1918)
October 10, 1918
Manuscript
Kiowa Charley

Peyote Hearings, H.R. 2614 (1918)
Hearings Before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Indian Affairs, House of Representatives, on H.R. 2614
February–March 1918
Testimony
James Mooney
Prohibition
"P
A gunner under ether, 1918
From Smashing Through "the World War" with Fighting Battery C
1919
Book
William McGinnis

On Aztec Botanical Names
December 1919
Academic Article
Blas Pablo Reko
Psilocybin

The Anaesthetic Revelation, from Pluriverse
1920
Source
Benjamin Paul Blood
Nitrous Oxide, Anesthesia